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Biodun@bbcnews.com
Monday, 17 January 2011
What the Arab papers say
Topic: tunisia, bbc news, biodun iginla

News analysis

Newsbook

Tunisia's revolution in the Arab press

 

 

Jan 17th 2011, 15:21 by The Economist online

by Rashida Adjani and Biodun Iginla, BBC News and the Economist 

THE Arab press has been awash with responses to the protests in Tunisia deposing Zine el-Abedine Ben Ali. Their views range from from elation at the fall of Tunisia's president, to concern over how the power vacuum will be filled and speculation about which corrupt Arab leader could be next to fall. 

In al-Sabah, a Tunisia daily, Mohamed al-Taweer revels in patriotic pride: 

..the sons of our nation have demonstrated to the world once again that, by its peaceful nature which rejects all violence and extremism without exception, nothing can stop the desire of the people for freedom, democracy, and social justice.

Salih Atiya, also writing in al-Sabah, praises Mohammed Bouazizi, the man who sparked the protests by setting himself on fire, and the other protesters as martyrs, marvelling at the fact that Mr Ben Ali really is gone:

May we dare dream? But then, doesn’t every reality start as a dream? "Should the people one day truly aspire to life, then fate must needs respond"! 

These last lines are from the final verse of the Tunisian national anthem, which has been widely quoted in newspaper editorials, in tweets and on Facebook pages throughout the Arab world since Mr Ben Ali’s expulsion.

In the Lebanese opposition newspaper, al-Akhbar, John Aziz suggests some lessons to be learned from the uprising in Tunisia:

All the blood, sweat and bullet-torn flesh have demonstrated how the neo-conservative model was wrong, how democracy can come about without foreign fleets, without the imposition of the star-spangled banner, without the smiling faces of Jay Garner and David Petraeus. Second, democracy can grow out of cultures of military repression without resorting to Islamic radicalism and without devolving into a situation of "one man, one vote…one time!" Third, not only has America failed to promote democracy in this region, it has actually propped up regimes which stifled its flowering.

Abdel Bari Atwan, editor-in-chief of al-Quds al-Arabi, a pan Arab daily, congratulates the Tunisians on the ouster of Mr Ben Ali:

Thank you to the Tunisian people. Thank you to the martyrs whose sacred blood helped achieve this supreme victory. Thank you to the army for turning their backs on the tyrants and siding with the people, upholding the security and stability of their country over all else.

In Dar al-Hayat, a London-based Arabic newspaper, Mostapha Zayn criticises Mr Ben Ali for his failures as a leader:

The Tunisian government could have been a model for the Arab world. And indeed it was, albeit a model of oppression and martial law in a region already infamous for oppression and martial law.

In Saudi Arabia, which offered refuge to the fleeing Mr Ben Ali to the bemusement of many of its citizens, Qaynan al-Ghamidy controversially compares democracy in the West to democracy in the Arab world, writing in al-Arabiyya:

Are the Western values of justice, freedom, and democracy suitable for Arabs? There can be no denying that they are. As the second caliph Umar bin al-Khattab is said to have asked: "How can you enslave people when their mothers bore them as freemen?"...If an iconic figure like Umar promoted such values values as freedom, justice, and accountability, do the Arabs really need to imitate the West?

But whereas the West translated these values into tangible laws and civil institutions, the Arabs and Muslims merely touted them without following their spirit. And this is the fundamental difference between Western and Arab civilization. But now, with the Tunisian uprising, no one knows what direction their compass will point them. In any case, those Arabs who sincerely care for their country should study what is happening in Tunisia and do what needs to be done immediately to recreate the same set of facts in their own land.

The editor-in-chief of al-Watan, a Saudi paper, argues that the protests are not just about food prices, but injustice, making many other regimes ripe for change:

Any observer of the scene from non-Arab nation would note that while the issue of bread prices ostensibly set the spark for these protests, there were already fires smoldering under the ashes. In every country witnessing demonstrations protesting living standards, the focus has quickly shifted towards civil freedoms and corruption. ...It appears that most regions are poised to undergo an orange revolution if conditions continue on their current trajectory.

Burhan Ghalyoun, a Syrian writer based in France, analyses Ben Ali’s failed strategy in a Tunisian newspaper, El-Chourouk:

The Tunisian uprising which has been raging for the past month wasn’t a surprise to anyone—anyone, that is, except the ruling elites, who had complacently believed that they had found the magic formula that would allow them to stay in power for the rest of time and stave off the change so urgently hoped for since the downfall of President Habib Bourguiba. This formula—applied by most Arab regimes—is derived from the Chinese model, which combines two elements: first, cordoning politics from the public sphere by prohibiting even civil society activism, much less direct political action; and second, taking control of the economy, whether through direct foreign investment, accumulating wealth by means fair or foul, or outright expropriation.

Tariq al-Hameed cautions that initial excitement may be misplaced in an editorial in Al-Sharq Al-Awsat, a widely read pan-Arab newspaper:

What makes these unfolding events so serious is that, because of the closed nature of Tunisia’s repressive society, no one knows if the protests which have swept the streets are organized or spontaneous. We don’t know if this is going to end in the replacement of one dictatorship for another, if this is a true revolution riding the wave of popular discontent, or whether it will result in any real improvement. We don’t know if the inscrutable Tunisia of yesterday has emerged from its closed doors or whether it has only plunged deeper into the unknown depths, adding just one more tragedy to the endless tragedies of the Arab world.

Muhammad Ya‘qouby in the Algerian Echorouk Online compares Tunisia’s revolution to that of Algeria over two decades ago:

Granted, Tunisia is lagging 23 years behind Algeria’s 1988 revolution, assuming of course that there is a single, uniform path to democracy… But Tunisia could become a shining model for the Arab world if it manages to avoid the pitfalls of its neighbour’s experience and take the right approach to democracy, avoiding the demagoguery and lack of foresight which marred out our political transition. The Algerians took to the streets in 1988 to demand lower prices, an end to corruption, and an end to discrimination. Twenty three years later, they are still seeking the same things.

On the other hand, Wa’il al-Qandeel of an independent Egyptian newspaper, al-Shorouk, predicts that Tunisians will succeed in forging a truly democratic future:

I don’t think that these downtrodden Tunisians are going to accept anything less than complete concession to their demands. The time for incremental gains is past; the name of the game now is comprehensive change. If this comes to pass, verdant Tunisia—that enchanting little country on the Mediterranean—will become the role model for a brave new Arab world.

For full translations and commentary, visit Meedan.net

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1-18 of 18
happyfish18 wrote:
Jan 17th 2011 3:51 GMT

Many younger Arabs hope to break the Western stereo-type of Jihadi terrorism and to dream of more freedom from crony Totalitarianism, Foreign domination, Medieval religious oppression etc. and for New Openness, Modernity and Economic development etc.

augwhite wrote:
Jan 17th 2011 4:44 GMT

This will be interesting. The Tunisian military is currently keeping a tentative lid on things; but Tunisia's military is relatively small and relies on 1-year conscripts for manpower. It is also associated with the prior regime. It would have a very hard time ruling without allies.

If that analysis is correct, everything will depend on the depth and sanity of the military's coalition partner. Tunisia has a fair amount going for it -- fairly strong middle class, good rate of growth until 2009, no recent population explosion. On the other hand, can it survive the expectations of the rest of the Arab world? All the noise suggests that these (very diverse) expectations will be too high, setting up any new regime to splinter and fail.

Ohio wrote:
Jan 17th 2011 4:48 GMT

How does one help a neighbor in the midst of the chaos of an overthrown government, yet not be seen as an interfering hegemon? I hope the American and European ambassadors visit the new president and firmly enform him that free and fair elections are expected, and that we would be happy to help organize and observe them. Beyond that, food aid if they need it, but no troops, no support of any faction. If there have been military liaisons in the past, a dicrete visit from a fellow general to offer advice on how the military should conduct themselves might be a help to Tunisia's army. I hope this will be a useful counter-example to those who believe Iraq was a good idea.

JGradus wrote:
Jan 17th 2011 5:09 GMT

God's speed to them all, hopefully this will bring some great change!

imcampos wrote:
Jan 17th 2011 5:30 GMT

Here's a great opportunity for Tunisians to show the world that religious sectarianism and irrational fundamentalism are not synonym with Islam.

Don't hold your breath, though.

Antiviral wrote:
Jan 17th 2011 5:55 GMT

Americans are not any more responsible for arab dictators than they are for communist dictators. East Germany was not ended by Americans; it was ended by East Germans.

IanAdam wrote:
Jan 17th 2011 5:59 GMT

These are exciting times for the Tunisian people. I agree with “Ohio” that Tunisia will need outside encouragement to progress towards a viable and robust democracy. Take the example of Eastern Europe after the fall of the Berlin wall in 1989: the period after overturning totalitarian regimes was very volatile, especially when there was no established strong political opposition (e.g. Romania). The numerous EU incentives and guidance sped up their civil society progress and economic recovery. The EU, the US and not least Turkey will have to do the same with Tunisia and provide the prospect for various incentives (e.g. free trade agreements, free movement etc.) along with their expertise to guide Tunisia change in what it deserves to become: a free, democratic and economically sound country.

JoeCS wrote:
Jan 17th 2011 6:02 GMT

Viva la Tunisia!

ejreed wrote:
Jan 17th 2011 6:18 GMT

Tunisia's Nervous Neighbors
Events in Tunisia are being closely watched across the Arab world, by both political leaders and citizens. While many people have been celebrating, leaders may be nervously wondering what happens next http://www.newslook.com/videos/283858-tunisia-s-nervous-neighbors?autopl...

Jan 17th 2011 6:27 GMT

El Chourouk made an interesting point in comparing Tunisia to China. This is certainly a fascinating event, although the feeling that this may be compared to the French Revolution is a bit overblown. In terms of effect, al-Ahkbar is closer to the truth, even if it reflects the mood of a country where both the Government and the Opposition forces are closely linked to the Stars and Stripes and Syria and Iran respectively. Still, one wonders what will come next...

G C wrote:
Jan 17th 2011 6:28 GMT

While the US loses an ally in the War on Terror, leaders should take note on a Machiavellian scale: educated populations in dejected nations transform their anger toward actively seizing fair participation in their own political-economic systems; poorly educated populations in disgruntled nations, on the other hand, adopt extremist mentors and turn to religious fundamentalism. They direct their anger to unfocused fights against loosely defined, but populist thirst quenching, “oppressors.” The US State Department should strongly considering preemptively fighting wars with education and aid rather than ineffective guns.

For more analysis of Tunisia's revolution, read "Revolution in Tunisia Is Like a Disneyland Vacation for the Ruling Family," which can be found athttp://gcontente.blogspot.com/2011/01/revolution-in-tunisia-is-like.html

Swedane wrote:
Jan 17th 2011 6:53 GMT

We can all hope for the best and wish Tunisia good luck, but I can't help wondering: is Islam really compatible with democracy and total freedom? And is the Arab mind mature enough for these ideas?

I have my doubts!

sanmartinian wrote:
Jan 17th 2011 7:14 GMT

to Swedane,

Unfortunately we all have.

Let's just hope and wish Tunisians the very best ant that their revolution doesn't fall in the trap of many others: going backward full steam.

I'm very much afraid this will be the signal for a world upheaval that has been brewing silently for quite sometime.

Jan 17th 2011 7:37 GMT

All of the West should learn from this, if they haven't learned from other past incidents: the desire for freedom, responsible government, and equality of economic opportunity is a universal human desire, not a solely Western trait. From the rise of Portugal's empire to the present day, the West has treated the rest of the world as an area to be exploited and its people as a cheap labour pool to be repressed in order to further the goal of economic exploitation. This is no more a sustainable approach than is destructive exploitation of the natural environment. We have loudly applauded our own march towards more democratic and egalitarian societies, but we have been less than enlightened in extending those values to other parts of the world. While it is true that we no longer enslave foreign nationals, that we have mostly reversed colonialism, and we have mostly abandoned gunboat diplomacy, our support for repressive regimes is not a very distant memory in many parts of the world, nor was the recent military overthrow of one repressive regime terribly well received by the population of Iraq.

I believe that an aspect of the current economic problems facing the West is the collapse of Western hegemony and the loss of economic advantage for the West as a result. If this is not yet the case, it soon will be. We must not only develop an economic system that is sustainable in terms of our impact on the environment, but also an economic system that is economically and politically sustainable. The resentment of the West that is obvious in some of these quotes from Middle Eastern newspapers is something we must take extraordinary measure to reverse, or we will pay a hard price for our past misconduct at some point in the future, and perhaps that will be in the very near future.

xxx hardcore wrote:
Jan 17th 2011 7:41 GMT

This is a really informative post. I like these kinds of posts--they give you the perspective of a different culture. Thanks.

jouris wrote:
Jan 17th 2011 8:00 GMT

Swedane, you might want to spend some quality time with some Arabs (not to mention some non-Arab Muslims). In my (admittedly anecdotal) experience, there is no incompatibility at all with freedom or with democracy. Indeed, there seems an almost uniform longing for change in that direction.

A combination of police/military power and a government control of oil wealth has kept the lid on so far. But I see no reason why that cannot change. And, from what information is currently available, the autocrats across the Arab world are very worried about exactly that.

Thadeusz wrote:
Jan 17th 2011 8:26 GMT

Though interesting, it's never quite clear to me, why these articles appear under the Newsbook heading...

bismarck111 wrote:
Jan 17th 2011 9:01 GMT

@AJ Johnstone Vancouver

"From the rise of Portugal's empire to the present day, the West has treated the rest of the world as an area to be exploited and its people as a cheap labour pool to be repressed in order to further the goal of economic exploitation. This is no more a sustainable approach than is destructive exploitation of the natural environment."

It's typical left wing BS. What would you replace it with? Economic exploitation is more or less the same whether its Western, Turkish or Chinese. Grow up and get with the program.


Posted by biginla at 9:25 PM GMT

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